31 page SNIPER TRACKING COUNTERTRACKING Presentation CD

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Contains the following key public domain (not copyrighted) U.S. Government publication(s) on one CD-ROM in both Microsoft PowerPoint and Adobe Acrobat PDF file formats:

TITLE: TRACKING AND COUNTER TRACKING, 31 pages (slides) 

SLIDE TOPICS, SUBTOPICS and CONTENTS:

TRACKING / COUNTER TRACKING TECHNIQUES
SOTIC


AS A SPECIAL OPERATIONS SNIPER,
YOU WILL UNDERSTAND THE TECHNIQUES AND PRINCIPLES OF TRACKING. IN ORDER TO COUNTER TRACK AND MINIMIZE TELL-TALE SIGNS TO THROW OFF AND CONFUSE TRACKERS WHO ARE NOT WELL TRAINED.

IN THE FIELD ENVIRONMENT, DEMONSTRATE THE TECHNIQUES REQUIRED TO TRACK A HUMAN AND EVADE DOG/VISUAL TRACKER TEAMS
 
IAW FM 7-40,  FM 7-42,  FM 21-75,  AND THE UNITED KINGDOM SURVIVAL MANUAL
THREE TYPES OF TRACKER DOGS
VISUAL -  DOGS USE VISION
SEARCH -   DOGS RUN FREE AND SEARCH USING AIRBORNE SCENTS
TRACKER -  DOGS RUN ON LEASHES AND USE GROUND SCENT
BOTH SEARCH AND TRACKER DOGS MAY BE USED TOGETHER IN A TRACKER UNIT
BREEDS OF DOGS
GERMAN SHEPARDS
ROTWEILLERS
DOBERMAN PINCHERS
BELGIUM MALINOIS
DE FLANDERS
BLOOD HOUNDS
BOXERS
EACH DOG HAS IT’S ADVANTAGES/ DISADVANTAGES
DOG’S SENSES
EYESIGHT -  POOR
HEARING -  TWICE THAT OF A HUMAN
TAPE ALL OF YOUR EQUIPMENT
MOVE STEALTHY
SMELL -  EXCELLENT,  A DOGS SENSE OF SMELL IS AMAZING FOOD COOKING AS FAR AS TWO MILES
STAY ALERT OF THE  WIND DIRECTION
FOUR CLASSIFICATIONS OF TRACKER DOGS
SEARCH AND RESCUE
TRACKER
SENT DISCRIMINATION AND TRAIL
AREA SEARCH
TAKE ADVANTAGE OF BAD WEATHER, IE.
RAIN
SLEET
SNOW
AIRBORNE SCENTS
HUMAN SCENTS
SOAP OR DEODORANT
PETROLEUM PRODUCTS
PRESERVATIVES / POLISH
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
FIRES
FOOD- BE SURE TO CHANGE YOUR DIET TO THAT OF THE LOCAL
AIRBORNE SCENTS CAN BE BLOWN AWAY IN MINUTES OR A FEW HOURS
GROUND SCENTS
YOUR SCENT ON THE GROUND AND FOLIAGE
GROUND THAT YOU HAVE DISTURBED
GROUND SCENTS CAN LAST AS LONG AS A FEW DAYS
THE SUN AND WIND DESTROY YOUR SCENT RAPIDLY
CARRY IN A PLASTIC BAG CLOTHING OR A PIECE OF CLOTH NOT BELONGING TO ANY TEAM MEMBER TO BE DROPPED
COUNTER TRACKING
TRY PERIODICALLY TO MOVE ACROSS OPEN AREAS AND CHANGE DIRECTION IN OPEN AREAS WHERE WIND AND SUN WILL DESTROY YOUR SCENT
RAPIDLY MOVING WATER WILL CONFUSE A DOG IF IT IS SEVERAL HOURS BEHIND YOU
MOVE THROUGH  AREAS FREQUENTLY TRAVELED BY OTHER PEOPLE

COUNTER TRACKING CONT.
CS, GAS, BLOOD SPICE MIXTURES OR OTHER CONCOCTIONS ARE NOT EFFECTIVE
SPLIT UP FROM TIME TO TIME
DO NOT RUN AS THIS WILL CAUSE YOUR SCENT TO BECOME STRONGER

COUNTER TRACKING CONT.
IF IT BECOMES NECESSARY TO AMBUSH THE TRACKING PARTY, FISHHOOK INTO THE AMBUSH SITE AND WOUND NOT KILL  THE HANDLER, (NOT THE DOG)

TRACKING SIGNS
VISIBLE MARKS LEFT BY THE MOVEMENT OF AN INDIVIDUAL OR AN ANIMAL PASSING THROUGH AN AREA
TRACKING/COUNTER TRACKING
VISUAL TRACKING
TRACKING SIGNS
GROUND SIGNS
LARGE GROUND SIGNS CAUSED BY 10 OR MORE INDIVIDUALS
SMALL GROUND SIGNS CAUSED BY LESS THAN 10 INDIVIDUALS
TOP OR HIGH SIGNS
SIGNS LEFT ABOVE THE KNEES
ALSO DIVIDED INTO LARGE AND SMALL TOP SIGNS

TRACKING SIGNS CONT
ALL SIGNS ARE DIVIDED INTO EITHER PERMANENT OR TEMPORARY
IT IS IMPOSSIBLE NOT TO LEAVE SIGNS
CATEGORIES OF SIGNS
DISPLACEMENT
ALL SIGNS IS A RESULT OF DISPLACEMENT
THE MAIN SIGN CAUSED BY DISPLACEMENT IS THE FOOT PRINT

CATEGORIES OF SIGNS CONT
DISCOLORATION OR STAINING
ANY SIGN THAT CHANGES THE NATURAL COLOR OF THE AREA OR OBJECT
CATEGORIES OF SIGNS CONT
LITTERING
ANYTHING THAT DOES NOT BELONG TO THE AREA

WEATHERING - AGE OF THE SIGN
FOOTPRINTS
THE COMPLETE SOLE PRINT
HEEL DIG/TOE PUSH
TRACKER’S STICK
TOE DIG/HEEL PUSH
INDICATIONS FROM THE FOOTPRINTS
FOOTPRINTS INDICATIONS
FOOTPRINTS
SIZE AND WEIGHT OF THE INDIVIDUAL
WEIGHT HE IS CARRYING
HOW FAST HE IS MOVING
SEX?
SIZE OF A GROUP
STATE OF ALERTNESS
STATE OF TRAINING
MORAL
HOW TIRED HE WAS
DISPLACEMENT
BOOTS
DISPLACEMENT ANYTHING MOVED FROM ITS ORIGINAL POSITION
LEAVES
GRASS
ROCKS
WATER
DISCOLORATION OR STAINING

DISPLACEMENT CONT
GRASS OR LEAVES WILL SHOW THE LIGHTER SIDE AFTER BEING PASSED THROUGH
GRASS OR LEAVES STEPPED ON WILL HAVE BRUISE ON THE LIGHTER SIDE
MUD OR DIRT WILL CAUSE A STAIN
BODY FLUIDS AND FECES WILL LEAVE A STAIN
SILT OR MUD STIRRED UP
LITTERING
ANYTHING THAT YOU BRING IN AND LEAVE BEHIND
TYPES OF LITTER CAN TELL UNIT
SUSPENSION LINE AIRBORNE
SPECIAL EQUIPMENT PACKAGING
MEAL WRAPPINGS
CONDIMENTS
IF YOU BRING IT IN YOU CARRY IT OUT
TO INCLUDE WASTE
WEATHERING
DETERMINES AGE OF TRACKER
WIND
RAIN
SUN
EARTH WORM CASTS
PAPER
METAL
BODY FLUIDS
TWO TYPES OF HUMAN TRACKERS
COMBAT TRACKERS
MOVES FROM MAJOR SIGN TO MAJOR SIGN
POINT MAN IN THE TRACKER PARTY
CAN BE FOOLED


 TWO TYPES OF HUMAN TRACKERS CONT
PROFESSIONAL TRACKERS
GO FROM SIGN TO SIGN
CAN TRACK ON THE RUN
LUCKILY THERE ARE FEW PROFESSIONAL TRACKERS EMPLOYED IN THE WORLD’S ARMIES TODAY, ABOUT THE ONLY WAY TO LOSE A TRAINED PROFESSIONAL TRACKER IS TO FISHHOOK INTO AN AREA AND AMBUSH HIM
TRACKER TEAM JOB
FIND SIGN PASSING THROUGH AN AREA
FOLLOW SIGN
ASSESS AS FRIENDLY OR ENEMY
ESTIMATE THE SIZE, DIRECTION AND SPEED OF TRACKED PARTY
CALL FOR A BLOCKING / AMBUSH FORCE
BREAK THIS AND YOU WIN
COUNTER TRACKING TECHNIQUES
KNOW WHAT YOU ARE DOING  AND THE SIGN YOU ARE LEAVING
NEVER MOVE IN STRAIGHT LINES
NEVER LEAVE YOUR INFILTRATION POINT DIRECTLY TOWARDS YOUR OBJECTIVE

COUNTER TRACKING TECHNIQUES CONT
SPLIT UP WHENEVER POSSIBLE
ALWAYS USE GOOD SECURITY TECHNIQUES
WHEN CHANGING DIRECTION USE HARD TERRAIN WHENEVER POSSIBLE
BIG TREE TECHNIQUE
TRAIL OR STREAM TECHNIQUE