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A Splendid OLD Guro ZAMBLE PLE PLE Antelope Mask Antique African Art - Tribal Masque - Cote d'Ivoire
Collected from the: Northern Guro peoples of Cote d'Ivoire, West Africa Material: Carved wood, pigment Period: Mid 20th century Dimensions: 16.5" height, 8" width, 4.75" depth; weight is 2.05 pounds Condition: Exceptional. From a private Parisian collection, substantial signs of age and wear from tribal use, wear exposed wood displays considerable patination. Make special note of the classic facial expression, sublime intricately carved details, impressive incisors and evenly filed teeth. Worn surface condition at back rim edge, interior and intact bite bar indicative of tribal wear and handling - a fine example of Guro art !
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Guro ZAMBLE Mask Traditions and Use The best-known cult among the northern Guro relates to a group of masks that were considered a family. The family consisted of Zauli, a grotesque animal mask with long horns; Zamble, a horned mask whose face was meant to recall a leopard or crocodile; and Gu, a human female mask. Gu, who was usually thought of as zamble's wife, performed after the two zoomorphic figures who were responsible for resolving quarrels and detecting sorcerers, or who danced at funerals and other ceremonies. During her performance, which was accompanied only by flute music, gu moved slowly and gracefully, singing songs in honor of Zamble. Zamble masks represented a bushbuck antelope and were one of the three Yu masks found among the northern Guro. The term Yu could be used to designate the association, all its objects, or one mask. The traditional trinity consisted of Zauli, a horned mask with distended cheeks; Zamble, and its daughter, Gu. On occasion, the group was reduced to a Zamble-Gu pair, in which Gu represented the wife. Women were not forbidden to watch or view the Zamble masks as they were used to detect and extinguish evil forces. In quarrels or conflicts, Zamble served as an arbitrator. A variant, a somewhat shorter-horned mask known as Zamble ple ple or strong-strong Zamble, could also embody Zauli, who was normally represented by a horned mask with distended cheeks.
Guro Tribal History The Guro peoples migrated south to Cote d'Ivoire during the 16th century, and were originally known as the Kweni prior to violent French colonization in the very early 1900's. Today the predominantly agricultural Guro function as sedentary farmers in the tropical rainforests and wooded savanna of the Cote d'Ivoire interior, number around 200,000, and have no central political authority but maintain a village life regulated by a council of elders and secret societies. Power is held at the village level by a council of elders comprised of the head men of the various village quarters, as well as inhering in a number of men's associations. The most significant in this respect is the Je society, which is responsible for social, political and juridical questions, decisions of peace or war, policing tasks, and the detection of destructive forces, as well as appearing at the funerals of its members. Guro art is characteristically elegant, dominated by masks exhibiting elongated faces, concave profiles, and slanted eyes. Guro masks are thought to be among the most colorful and skillfully carved masquerade art in Africa. Notable similarities in design and features with the Baule, Bete, Yaure, and Senufo masks indicate a shared influence with neighboring tribes of the same region. Guro masks are danced, worn, or performed for funerals, trials, or memorial festivals. See Bacquart's The Tribal Arts of Africa and African Masks from the Barbier-Mueller Collection for further details.
Cat. # mjm21
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