Liquid Process Piping

USACE
EM 1110-1-4008
5 May 1999
245 Pages
Illustrated

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Disc Contents:

Engineering and Design
LIQUID PROCESS PIPING

Chapter 1
Introduction
Purpose . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1 1-1
Applicability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2 1-1
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3 1-1
Distribution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4 1-1
Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-5 1-1
Metrics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-6 1-1
Brand Names . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-7 1-1
Accompanying Guidance Stainless Steel . 4-9 4-18
Specification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-8 1-1
Manual Organization . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-9 1-3

Chapter 2
Design Strategy
Design Analyses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1 2-1
Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2 2-1
Drawings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3 2-1
Bases of Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4 2-2
Loading Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-5 2-7
Piping Layout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-6 2-10

Chapter 3
General Piping Design
Materials of Construction . . . . . . . . . 3-1 3-1
Design Pressure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2 3-2
Sizing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3 3-7
Stress Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4 3-17
Flange, Gaskets and Bolting Materials . 3-5 3-19
Pipe Identification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-6 3-23
Piping Supports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-7 3-23
Testing and Flushing . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-8 3-29

Chapter 4
Metallic Piping Systems
General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1 4-1
Corrosion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-2 4-1
Design Pressure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3 4-9
Piping Supports for Metallic Piping Systems . 4-4 4-9
Joining . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-5 4-12
Thermal Expansion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-6 4-12
Ductile Iron . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-7 4-17
Carbon Steel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-8 4-17
Nickel and Nickel Alloys . . . . . . . . . 4-10 4-19
Aluminum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-11 4-20
Copper . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-12 4-21

Chapter 5
Plastic Piping Systems
General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-1 5-1
Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) . . . . . . . . . 5-2 5-9
Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) . . . . . 5-3 5-9
Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene (ABS) . 5-4 5-9
Chlorinated Polyvinyl Chloride (CPVC) . 5-5 5-10
Polyethylene (PE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-6 5-10
Polypropylene (PP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-7 5-10
Polyvinylidene Fluoride (PVDF) . . . . 5-8 5-10

Chapter 6
Rubber and Elastomer Piping Systems
General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-1 6-1
Design Factors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-2 6-1
Sizing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-3 6-4
Piping Support and Burial . . . . . . . . . 6-4 6-5
Fluoroelastomer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-5 6-5
Isobutylene Isoprene . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-6 6-5
Acrylonitrile Butadiene . . . . . . . . . . . 6-7 6-5
Polychloroprene . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-8 6-5
Natural Rubber . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-9 6-5

Chapter 7
Thermoset Piping Systems
General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-1 7-1
Reinforced Epoxies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-2 7-5
Reinforced Polyesters . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-3 7-5
Reinforced Vinyl Esters . . . . . . . . . . . 7-4 7-6
Reinforced Furans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-5 7-6

Chapter 8
Double Containment Piping Systems
General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-1 8-1
Piping System Sizing . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-2 8-6
Double Containment Piping System Testing . 8-3 8-7
Leak Detection Systems . . . . . . . . . . . 8-4 8-8

Chapter 9
Lined Piping Systems Index
General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-1 9-1
Plastic Lined Piping Systems . . . . . . . 9-2 9-3
Other Lined Piping Systems . . . . . . . 9-3 9-8

Chapter 10
Valves
General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-1 10-1
Valve Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-2 10-9
Valve Sizing and Selection . . . . . . . 10-3 10-13
Valve Schedule . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-4 10-20

Chapter 11
Ancillary Equipment
Flexible Couplings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-1 11-1
Air and Vacuum Relief . . . . . . . . . . 11-2 11-1
Drains . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-3 11-5
Sample Ports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-4 11-5
Pressure Relief Devices . . . . . . . . . . 11-5 11-5
Backflow Prevention . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-6 11-7
Static Mixers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-7 11-8
Expansion Joints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-8 11-9
Piping Insulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-9 11-10
Heat Tracing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-10 11-12

Chapter 12
Corrosion Protection
Corrosion Protection . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-1 12-1
Cathodic Protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-2 12-1
Isolation Joints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-3 12-2
Protective Coatings . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-4 12-4

Appendix A - References
Appendix B - Design Example
Appendix C - Fluid/Material  Matrix
Appendix D - Index