Description

Author: Bruce-Biggs, B.

Title: The War Against the Automobile

Illustrator: N/A

Publisher: E. P. Dutton

Place of Publication: New York

Year of Publication: 1977

Edition: N/A

Book Condition: VG - no writing in book, there is a "name tag" on the inside front page which can be removed.  Book is in great shape.

Jacket Condition (if present): VG - tears due to wear

Binding: Hardcover

Size: 8vo

Signed Copy: N/A

Book Description: Great copy of an interesting book.

AUTHOR

Aquinas, S. Thomas; Ashley, John M. (translator). When applicable, we include the name of the editor, or the editor-in-chief in cases where an editorial team has been involved.

TITLE

 As appears on the Title Page, not as it is on the cover or dust jacket, which might be different. This means that any subtitles are normally also included. The title thus could be quite a mouthful, particularly with the older books:

 The Homilies of S. Thomas Aquinas Upon the Epistles and Gospels for the Sundays of the Christian Year. To Which Appended The Festival Homilies

However, some more recently published titles could be equally or even more wordy:

The Professional Service Firm 50: Fifty Ways to Transform Your "Department" into a Professional Service Firm Whose Trademarks Are Passion and Innovation! (Reinventing Work Series)

ILLUSTRATOR

Usually only included when illustrations form a vital part of a book, or when the illustrator is well known.

PUBLISHER

As appears on the title page or the copyright page. In case of well-known publishing houses, such as William Collins and Sons, only the simplified one word version Collins would normally be used. ISBN searches however might bring up the full version of the publishers' name; if that happens we normally use the full version.

In case of book club editions, such as Book Club Associates or The Companion Book Club, this appears in the slot reserved for the publishers, often abbreviated as BCA or CBC.

PLACE OF PUBLICATION

Usually as appears on the title page or copyright page. With mass-market paperbacks, which are often published simultaneously in several cities (countries), only the first city (country) is usually stated.

YEAR OF PUBLICATION

As appears on the title page or the copyright page. With older book particularly, the year of publication was sometimes omitted by the publishers. In such cases we offer an estimate, c. 1920, or c. 1890s, based on our research, usually with the book description. Occasionally, a previous owner’s inscription or a gift inscription might be dated – if that is the case we include this in our description to give our customers at least some indication of the book’s minimal age.

EDITION

Here, to the best of our knowledge, we state the edition, such as the First Edition, First British Edition, First Australian Edition, First Paperback Edition, First English Language Edition, New Revised Edition, etc.

With older books in particular, it is sometimes difficult to identify first editions. When we are not sure whether the book is a first edition or a reprint, we would leave this slot empty, as we would do with any reprint.

BOOK CONDITION

We adhere to the scale of rating recognized by most sellers of used books. As a general rule, we always try to be conservative rather than optimistic in our assessment. The five basic categories are described thus:

Fine (F) – Book has no defects, it has had little usage. Older books may show minor flaws.

Very Good (VG) -  Book shows some signs of wear and is no longer fresh, though it still appears attractive.

Good (G) – A majority of second hand books would probably fall into this category. The average used book with all pages present. Books with loose bindings, highlighting or annotations, cocked spine, torn or edgeworn dust jackets, can also fall into this category. The major faults are included in the description.

Fair (FR) - Obviously well worn and handled, but no text pages are missing, however, it may be without endpapers or a title page. There might be markings, but they do not interfere with readability.

Poor (P) - All text is legible but may be soiled and have binding defects. Reading copies and binding copies fall into this category.

Often books that quite obviously do not fit neatly into any one of these categories come into our hands. For instance, a book might be very close to being described as “fine”, except for a relatively minor flaw, such as a light crease to one of the pages. In such case we would probably describe it as “very good-fine”. On the other hand, “fair-good” could be in order when we need to properly describe a book that has a fair amount of wear, but would clearly not deserve to be described only as “fair”.

One final word on the subject of descriptions. In some dealers’ descriptions you might come across such terms as “in as new” condition, “in mint” condition, or similar. We work on the principle that so long as we remain in business of selling USED books we cannot in all honesty allow such description past our keyboard. “As new” can only mean one thing – a book that is NEW, i.e. book that was taken from the printers' press and delivered through the means of some distributor to a new book dealers’ store. 
Any book that has passed through the hands of a previous owner, even if apparently never read, is by definition USED or SECOND HAND book. We have no right calling such book NEW. The same goes for the expression MINT, which could be useful for describing the condition of coins, but not for describing books, as we think. While we might mention in our description that the book was "apparently never read" (one can usually tell these things), we would still classify it only as FINE.

JACKET CONDITION

Basically as above, using the same scale of five categories and subcategories.

BINDING

There are two basic categories of books – hardbacks and paperbacks.

Hardbacks might be full leather, half leather or three-quarter leather, while most hardbacks published within the last century are bound in cloth. Many other binding materials have also been used, such as laminated boards, simulated leather, etc. Until the beginning of the 20^th century, nearly all books published were hardbacks, though the publishers might have issued cheaper popular versions alongside the more luxurious, usually leather bound copies. 

Paperbacks appeared early in the 20th century, and quickly took over the role of popular cheap books. In the more recent times, many books have been published in their first edition only as paperbacks (or softbacks, as they are also known), while the traditional hardbacks are becoming rather scarce.

Two main categories of paperbacks, sometimes also described as softcovers, are mostly encountered by buyers:

Mass market paperback (mmpb) - the pocket sized books, not larger than 12mo (or 73/4" tall), mass produced, and with an inexpensive original price.

Trade paperback (tp)- any paperback larger than 7 3/4". Typically of a better standard, often using better quality paper than the mass market paperbacks.

Within the realm of paperbacks, together with an increasing number of other sellers, we also recognize a sub-category of vintage paperbacks, which includes the paperbacks published before 1960.

SIZE

The metric system has left the book trade largely unimpressed, and the imperial measures are still being widely used, and we also use them for this purpose.

While there exists a scale of twelve sizes, ranging from the tiny 64mo (sixtyfourmo) to the huge double elephant folio, most books fall into one of the five middle categories, between 16mo (or sextodecimo – a rather small pocket sized book of 5 3/4” to 6 ¾”), to folio (12” – 15” – a fairly large coffee table book). In fact, probably around 99 percent of books that an average reader will encounter, would be either 12mo or duodecimo: 6 ¾” – 7 ¾” (most current mass produced paperbacks and many older hardbacks), 8vo or octavo: 7 ¾” – 9 ¾” (most hardbacks and many trade paperbacks, nowadays often published as first editions), or 4to, quarto: 9 ¾” – 12” - oversized hardbacks or softbacks). 

Here is the whole range of book sizes, as used in the book trade:

64mo - A book that is up to 3" tall. 
32mo - A book that is up to 5" tall.
24mo - A book that is up to 5 ¾" tall. 1
16mo (Sextodecimo) - A book that is up to 6 ¾" tall. 
12mo (Duodecimo) - A book that is up to 7 ¾" tall. 
8vo (Octavo) - A book that is up to 9 ¾" tall. 
4to (Quarto) - A book that is up to 12" tall. 
Folio - A book that is up to 15" tall.
Elephant Folio - A book that is up to 23" tall.
Atlas Folio - A book that is up to 25" tall.
Double Elephant Folio - A book that is up to 50" tall

While acknowledging that these terms will probably remain in use in the initiated circles for some time to come, we also know that many Internet users are not familiar with the Imperial measures. Also, a book described as "Octavo" can be quite small when at the lower end of this category, and rather large, when at the higher end, which can confuse some potential buyers. We have therefore resolved to break the traditional sizes into 3 subcategories, small, medium and large, and include in our descriptions both the sizes in inches and fractions, as well as their approximate metric equivalent, for example: 

Small Octavo (8vo), approx. 8" (200mm) tall.

Large Octavo (8vo), approx. 9½" (240mm) tall.

SIGNED COPIES

Books autographed by author, or in some cases by the illustrator, might be of interest to collectors. Their value is usually somewhat higher than ordinary copies, sometimes a great deal higher. It migh be difficult to verify the signature, and when we are in doubt we clearly state that we cannot be certain of its authenticity.

BOOK DESCRIPTION

With the less valuable books we tend to only point out the major flaws the copy might have, offering the customer to provide on request a more detailed description, other information that we can access, and a scanned digital images of the cover or other parts of the book they specify. The copies that are scarce or downright rare on the world market usually get more of our attention, and consequently a larger write-up. We usually respond to any requests within 24 hours.